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Evidence-Based Research

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Researchers examining charts and data

Keep up with the latest evidenced-based research from the federal government and government-funded entities. Academic studies and government reports are the backbone for prevention efforts nationwide. Evidence-based research is available for the general public, educators, law enforcement, health care practitioners, behavioral and mental health professionals, and state, local, tribal, and territorial governments.

Each set of resources below is searchable by keyword. You can also filter the results to see the resources most relevant to different stakeholder groups (key audience) and which department/agency/office provided the resource, as well as filter by subcategory.

All the information in the Prevention Resource Finder is government-owned or sponsored.

  • Exploring the Use of Three-Digit Call Lines

    This Center for Prevention Programs and Partnerships (CP3) report provides an overview of current research and programming efforts to integrate targeted violence and terrorism prevention (TVTP) information and practice into three-digit call lines, such as 211 and 311 assistance and information telephone numbers, as well as 911 and 988 emergency and crisis support lines.

    (Published 2024)

    Categories:
    Community Support Resources, Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Center for Prevention Programs and Partnerships (CP3)
    Key Audience(s):
    Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • When extremists become violent: examining the association between social control, social learning, and engagement in violent extremism

    This National Institute of Justice (NIJ)-sponsored research examines the relationship between social control and social learning variables on involvement in violent vs. non-violent extremism.

    (Published 2021)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • Extreme Ideologies, Situational Factors, and Terrorists’ Target Selection

    This National Institute of Justice (NIJ)-sponsored study examined how combinations of factors, including situational and target-specific attributes, influence terrorist target selection by extreme far-right and radical Islamic terrorists.

    (Published 2020)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • Ten ways to improve community reporting for violent extremism and targeted violence

    This National Institute of Justice (NIJ)-sponsored research identifies common barriers and facilitators related to whether family members, friends, or co-workers of violent extremists who are aware of their attitudes and spoken plans report their concerns to public safety authorities, and 10 recommendations are offered for improving such reporting.

    (Published 2021)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • Domestic Radicalization and Deradicalization: Insights from Family and Friends

    This National Institute of Justice (NIJ)-sponsored research combines the perspectives of those who chose an extremist path with the unique insights of family and friends to gain knowledge of why people radicalize or exit extremism.

    (Published 2022)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), Adolescent Misconduct, and Violent Extremism: A Comparison of Former Left-Wing and Right-Wing Extremists

    This National Institute of Justice (NIJ)-sponsored research reports on an exploratory study that builds on the risk factor model of violent extremism; their paper highlights the roles of childhood adversity and adolescent misconduct as nonideological precursors to violent extremism among different types of extremists.

    (Published 2022)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • Lessons Learned on the Methodological Challenges in Studying Rare Violent Incidents

    This National Institute of Justice (NIJ) article posits that to increase knowledge and aid prevention efforts, the research community must develop a strategy to source, code, check, and analyze the data surrounding rare violent incidents. 

    (Published 2024)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • Bystander Reporting to Prevent Violent Extremism and Targeted Violence; Learning from Practitioners

    This National Institute of Justice (NIJ)-sponsored research describes an examination of what is needed to help intimate bystanders share information with law enforcement about potential acts of violent extremism or targeted violence.

    (2022)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • Cut from the Same Cloth? A Comparative Study of Domestic Extremists and Gang Members in the United States

    This study developed a comparative model that emphasizes explicit, spurious, and indirect linkages between domestic extremists and gang members, and it used national sources of data on domestic extremists and gang members the Profiles of Individual Radicalization in the United States (PIRUS) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) to compare them across group involvement, demographic, family, religion, and socioeconomic status characteristics.

    (May 2017)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
  • The Roles of Trauma and Mental Health in Preventing Domestic Radicalization and Violent Extremism

    NIJ-supported research shows that trauma exposure and mental health issues can have a significant yet varied impact across the violence prevention spectrum.

    (April 2024)

    Categories:
    Evidence-Based Research
    Dept/Org/Agency:
    Department of Justice (DOJ), National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
    Key Audience(s):
    Faith-Based and Cultural Organizations, General Public, Health Care, K-12 Schools/Colleges/Universities, Law Enforcement, Mental Health/Behavioral Health/Human Services, State/Local/Tribal/Territorial Government
    Last Updated:
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